Common antibiotic linked to higher risk of death in adults, study finds

A commonly used drug has been linked to a higher risk of death in a new study.The antibiotic, cefepime, which is used to treat bacterial infections like pneumonia, UTIs, and skin infections, is typically administered via injection by healthcare providers in a clinical setting.Severe side effects may include confusion, decreased consciousness, or seizures, especially in older patients and those with kidney problems, among many other common symptoms, according to Mayo Clinic.New research suggests the medication may be associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality.The new global study, published in JAMA Network Open, reviewed 110 randomized clinical trials involving more than 22,000 patients who received cefepime or another beta-lactam antibiotic — a class of drugs that includes penicillins and cephalosporins.The patients included adults and children treated for febrile neutropenia — a medical emergency involving fever and dangerously low infection-fighting white blood cells — as well as pneumonia, severe bacterial infections, UTIs, and meningitis.Across all trials, 778 deaths occurred among 11,726 patients (6.6%) given cefepime, compared to 6.2% of patients given another antibiotic.Researchers evaluated deaths from any cause occurring within about 30 days of treatment.Using a Bayesian meta-analysis, the researchers found a 94.4% probability that cefepime was associated with higher all-cause mortality compared with other beta-lactam antibiotics.When the analysis was limited to 73 peer-reviewed published trials, that probability increased to 98.6%.The association appeared stronger in adults than in children, and was most pronounced among patients treated for febrile neutropenia.Cefepime remains a commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotic for treating serious bacterial infections in hospitalized patients because it is effective against a wide range of bacteria.The researchers did not recommend discontinuing cefepime, but called for additional guidance ...